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Table: Biological Fluids and Their Types (FREE)

Table: Biological Fluids and Their Types

Sr. No.Biological FluidDescriptionForensic Applications
1Amniotic FluidProtective liquid around the fetus in the womb; aids in fetal development.Used in fetal death investigations or to confirm pregnancy in criminal cases.
2Aqueous and Vitreous HumorFluids in the eye; maintain eye pressure and shape, aid in vision.Analyzed in cases of eye trauma or poisoning.
3BileDigestive fluid from the liver; aids in fat digestion.Useful in toxicology for detecting drugs or poisons.
4Blood SerumLiquid part of blood, excluding cells and clotting factors; carries nutrients and hormones.Analyzed for drugs, alcohol, or disease markers.
5Breast MilkNourishes infants; contains fats, proteins, and antibodies.Used in cases of infanticide or neglect and to confirm breastfeeding timelines.
6Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)Surrounds brain and spinal cord; protects and removes waste.Provides information in cases of head trauma or brain diseases.
7Cerumen (Earwax)Waxy substance in the ear; protects against infections and dust.DNA analysis for identifying suspects at crime scenes.
8Endolymph and PerilymphInner ear fluids; essential for balance and hearing.Investigated in cases of drowning or ear-related injuries.
9ExudatesFluid from blood vessels during inflammation.Indicates timing and nature of injuries or infections.
10FecesWaste from the digestive system.Analyzed for DNA, toxins, or other substances linking a person to a crime scene.
11Gastric JuiceAcidic fluid from the stomach; aids digestion.Examined for poisons or drugs to assess cause or time of death.
12LymphClear fluid in the lymphatic system; aids immune defense.Used to investigate infections, toxins, or diseases, and for DNA analysis.
13MucusProtective fluid from mucous membranes; traps pathogens.Analyzed for signs of illness, toxins, or poisons.
14Pericardial FluidFluid in the sac around the heart; reduces friction.Examined in cardiac arrest or trauma cases.
15Peritoneal FluidLubricating fluid in the abdominal cavity.Analyzed in abdominal trauma or infection cases.
16Pleural FluidFluid around the lungs; aids respiration.Investigated in lung injuries or diseases like tuberculosis.
17PusThick fluid from infections; contains white blood cells and bacteria.Provides evidence of infections or timing of wounds.
18RheumWatery discharge from eyes or nose.Investigated for respiratory pathogens or substance exposure.
19SalivaDigestive fluid from salivary glands.DNA analysis and detection of drugs or toxins.
20Sebum (Skin Oil)Oily substance from sebaceous glands; protects skin.Analyzed for DNA, drug residues, or environmental exposure.
21SemenMale reproductive fluid; contains sperm and seminal plasma.Key evidence in sexual assault cases and paternity tests.
22SputumMixture of saliva and mucus from the respiratory tract.Analyzed for pathogens in respiratory death or foul play cases.
23Synovial FluidLubricates and nourishes joint cartilage.Examined for joint injuries or arthritis in forensic investigations.
24TearsFluid from lacrimal glands; protects and moistens eyes.Analyzed for drugs, alcohol, or emotional state evidence.
25SweatRegulates body temperature; contains water and salts.Investigated for drugs, alcohol, or toxins in drug testing or poisoning cases.
26Vaginal SecretionFluid from the female reproductive system; provides lubrication and protection.Analyzed in sexual assault cases or to detect toxins.
27VomitExpelled stomach contents.Examined for toxins, drugs, or alcohol to determine cause of death.
28UrineWaste product from the kidneys; removes excess substances.Commonly analyzed for drugs, alcohol, toxins, or metabolic diseases.

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