1 | Amniotic Fluid | Protective liquid around the fetus in the womb; aids in fetal development. | Used in fetal death investigations or to confirm pregnancy in criminal cases. |
2 | Aqueous and Vitreous Humor | Fluids in the eye; maintain eye pressure and shape, aid in vision. | Analyzed in cases of eye trauma or poisoning. |
3 | Bile | Digestive fluid from the liver; aids in fat digestion. | Useful in toxicology for detecting drugs or poisons. |
4 | Blood Serum | Liquid part of blood, excluding cells and clotting factors; carries nutrients and hormones. | Analyzed for drugs, alcohol, or disease markers. |
5 | Breast Milk | Nourishes infants; contains fats, proteins, and antibodies. | Used in cases of infanticide or neglect and to confirm breastfeeding timelines. |
6 | Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) | Surrounds brain and spinal cord; protects and removes waste. | Provides information in cases of head trauma or brain diseases. |
7 | Cerumen (Earwax) | Waxy substance in the ear; protects against infections and dust. | DNA analysis for identifying suspects at crime scenes. |
8 | Endolymph and Perilymph | Inner ear fluids; essential for balance and hearing. | Investigated in cases of drowning or ear-related injuries. |
9 | Exudates | Fluid from blood vessels during inflammation. | Indicates timing and nature of injuries or infections. |
10 | Feces | Waste from the digestive system. | Analyzed for DNA, toxins, or other substances linking a person to a crime scene. |
11 | Gastric Juice | Acidic fluid from the stomach; aids digestion. | Examined for poisons or drugs to assess cause or time of death. |
12 | Lymph | Clear fluid in the lymphatic system; aids immune defense. | Used to investigate infections, toxins, or diseases, and for DNA analysis. |
13 | Mucus | Protective fluid from mucous membranes; traps pathogens. | Analyzed for signs of illness, toxins, or poisons. |
14 | Pericardial Fluid | Fluid in the sac around the heart; reduces friction. | Examined in cardiac arrest or trauma cases. |
15 | Peritoneal Fluid | Lubricating fluid in the abdominal cavity. | Analyzed in abdominal trauma or infection cases. |
16 | Pleural Fluid | Fluid around the lungs; aids respiration. | Investigated in lung injuries or diseases like tuberculosis. |
17 | Pus | Thick fluid from infections; contains white blood cells and bacteria. | Provides evidence of infections or timing of wounds. |
18 | Rheum | Watery discharge from eyes or nose. | Investigated for respiratory pathogens or substance exposure. |
19 | Saliva | Digestive fluid from salivary glands. | DNA analysis and detection of drugs or toxins. |
20 | Sebum (Skin Oil) | Oily substance from sebaceous glands; protects skin. | Analyzed for DNA, drug residues, or environmental exposure. |
21 | Semen | Male reproductive fluid; contains sperm and seminal plasma. | Key evidence in sexual assault cases and paternity tests. |
22 | Sputum | Mixture of saliva and mucus from the respiratory tract. | Analyzed for pathogens in respiratory death or foul play cases. |
23 | Synovial Fluid | Lubricates and nourishes joint cartilage. | Examined for joint injuries or arthritis in forensic investigations. |
24 | Tears | Fluid from lacrimal glands; protects and moistens eyes. | Analyzed for drugs, alcohol, or emotional state evidence. |
25 | Sweat | Regulates body temperature; contains water and salts. | Investigated for drugs, alcohol, or toxins in drug testing or poisoning cases. |
26 | Vaginal Secretion | Fluid from the female reproductive system; provides lubrication and protection. | Analyzed in sexual assault cases or to detect toxins. |
27 | Vomit | Expelled stomach contents. | Examined for toxins, drugs, or alcohol to determine cause of death. |
28 | Urine | Waste product from the kidneys; removes excess substances. | Commonly analyzed for drugs, alcohol, toxins, or metabolic diseases. |