Question 1: Dying declaration is to be preferably recorded by
- A. Doctor
- B. Police
- C. Magistrate
- D. Jury Member
Answer: C. Magistrate
Explanation: According to legal procedures, a dying declaration should preferably be recorded by a Magistrate, as they are a legally authorized and impartial authority to record such statements, which serve as crucial evidence in legal proceedings.
Question 2: Who is credited with the development of the first fingerprint classification system?
- A. Alphonse Bertillon
- B. Francis Galton
- C. Calvin Goddard
- D. Hans Gross
Answer: B. Francis Galton
Explanation: Francis Galton, an English scientist, is credited with developing the first fingerprint classification system. His work, published in 1892, demonstrated the uniqueness of fingerprints, laying the foundation for modern identification techniques.
Question 3: In what year was the first forensic ballistics laboratory established?
- A. 1925
- B. 1935
- C. 1945
- D. 1955
Answer: A. 1925
Explanation: The first forensic ballistics laboratory was established in 1925 by Calvin Goddard in New York City. This laboratory played a crucial role in developing ballistics comparison techniques for analyzing bullets and firearms.
Question 4: Who is considered the “Father of Forensic Toxicology”?
- A. Alphonse Bertillon
- B. Edmond Locard
- C. Mathieu Orfila
- D. Hans Gross
Answer: C. Mathieu Orfila
Explanation: Mathieu Orfila is regarded as the “Father of Forensic Toxicology” for his pioneering work in the analysis of poisons and their effects on the human body. His research laid the foundation for the scientific field of forensic toxicology.
Question 5: Who developed the first practical method for blood typing?
- A. Karl Landsteiner
- B. Edmond Locard
- C. Calvin Goddard
- D. Alphonse Bertillon
Answer: A. Karl Landsteiner
Explanation: Karl Landsteiner, an Austrian scientist, developed the first practical method for blood typing in 1900. His discovery of the ABO blood group system revolutionized forensic science, enabling more accurate identification in criminal investigations.
Question 6: What is the term used to describe the principle that every contact leaves a trace?
- A. Locard’s Exchange Principle
- B. Bertillon’s Anthropometric System
- C. Galton’s Fingerprint Classification
- D. Orfila’s Toxicological Analysis
Answer: A. Locard’s Exchange Principle
Explanation: Locard’s Exchange Principle, named after Edmond Locard, states that whenever two objects come into contact, there is a transfer of material between them. This principle forms the basis of forensic science, as the traces left behind can be used as evidence in criminal investigations.
Question 7: Who is credited with developing the first systematic approach to crime scene investigation?
- A. Alphonse Bertillon
- B. Francis Galton
- C. Hans Gross
- D. Edmond Locard
Answer: C. Hans Gross
Explanation: Hans Gross, an Austrian criminologist, is credited with developing the first systematic approach to crime scene investigation. His 1893 work established principles for the examination of crime scenes, which became foundational for modern forensic science practices.
Question 8: In what year was the first forensic science degree program established?
- A. 1968
- B. 1975
- C. 1982
- D. 1990
Answer: A. 1968
Explanation: The first degree program in forensic science was established in 1968 at the University of New Haven, Connecticut. This program was a major step forward in recognizing forensic science as a distinct academic discipline.
Question 9: Who developed the first systematic approach to crime scene photography?
- A. Alphonse Bertillon
- B. Calvin Goddard
- C. Edmond Locard
- D. Francis Galton
Answer: A. Alphonse Bertillon
Explanation: Alphonse Bertillon, a French criminologist, developed the first systematic approach to crime scene photography. His “Bertillon System” included detailed methods for photographing crime scenes and suspects, which became an essential part of forensic documentation.
Question 10: What is the term used to describe the study of patterns and imprints left at a crime scene?
- A. Forensic Anthropology
- B. Forensic Odontology
- C. Forensic Impression Evidence
- D. Forensic Entomology
Answer: C. Forensic Impression Evidence
Explanation: Forensic Impression Evidence refers to the study of patterns and imprints left at a crime scene, such as footprints, tire tracks, and tool marks. These impressions are used to reconstruct events and identify suspects in criminal investigations.